Bali, the heart of Indonesia

Indonesia seems to do things in superlatives. With more than 17,000 islands, the country is the world's largest archipelago. More than 300 ethnic groups call Indonesia home, and the country boasts the greatest biodiversity on the planet after Brazil. Indonesia also is the world's largest Muslim-majority nation. Yet, despite this diversity and almost overwhelming size, the heart and soul of Indonesia can be exemplified by two islands - Java and Bali - including Indonesia's capital city of Jakarta.

With more than 138 million inhabitants, Java - one of Indonesia's largest islands - is the most populated island in the world and home to more than half of Indonesia's population. As the country's most developed island, Java serves as Indonesia's economic and political heart as well.

Yet, with influences ranging from Hindu-Buddhist to Dutch colonialism, the island also claims some of the region's most striking cultural sites. In fact, all of Indonesia's cultural properties on the World Heritage List are found on Java. With a chain of volcanic mountains jutting into the skyline, Java's natural setting is another enticement for visitors.

Jakarta, located on the northwestern coast of Java, is a pulsating metropolis. Home to almost 10 million people, the city has an energy all its own. Although the mix of crowds, smog and noise can overwhelm travelers initially, the colorful markets, vibrant streets and widespread friendliness make a visit to this eclectic city worthwhile.

In contrast to Java and Jakarta is Bali, Indonesia's best-known and most-visited island, located just off Java's southeastern coast. Bali is small - about 100 miles wide and 70 miles north to south. And, unlike the rest of Indonesia, its 3.9 million residents are mostly Hindu, not Muslim.

Bali's topography and size afford mornings perfect for climbing mist-covered volcanic peaks - such as the 10,300-foot Mount Agung, an active volcano - followed by afternoons lounging seaside on one of the island's renowned white-sand beaches.